Tapada Nacional de Mafra

The Tapada de Mafra is not only a beautiful natural space but also a National Hunting Zone, offering visitors a unique blend of wildlife and outdoor activities. In recognition of its cultural and natural significance, it is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site "Real Edifício de Mafra - Palace, Basilica, Convent, Cerco Garden, and Tapada," since 2019.

Describing the Tapada de Mafra is akin to entering a world where nature thrives in harmony. With its diverse range of animal and plant species, this regulated access area is a paradise for nature enthusiasts. The Tapada is divided into three sections, with the first 360 hectares being under military administration since 1828. The remaining portions are carefully managed to ensure the preservation of its unique ecosystem.

The history of the Tapada de Mafra dates back to 1747 during the reign of King John V of Portugal. Its creation was closely tied to the construction of the nearby Palácio Nacional de Mafra, serving as a royal leisure area dedicated to hunting and entertainment for the royal family and nobility. Even today, hunting, albeit limited, continues to be practiced in this area, adding to its rich historical legacy.

When it comes to fauna, the Tapada de Mafra boasts an impressive array of species, particularly those used in sports hunting. Visitors may encounter animals such as fallow deer, red deer, and wild boars. Other mammal species include foxes, weasels, and genets, contributing to the area's ecological diversity.

Bird enthusiasts will be delighted by the variety of avian life within the Tapada. From majestic birds of prey like the Eurasian eagle-owl, Bonelli's eagle, goshawk, and kestrel to charming passerines like the Eurasian jay, partridge, chaffinch, and nightingale, the skies are filled with fascinating winged creatures.

The Tapada's wetland areas provide a perfect habitat for a range of amphibians, including salamanders, green newts, and frogs. Additionally, the Tapada is home to small reptiles like geckos, Bocage's wall lizard, and the venomous but non-aggressive horned viper.

Flora enthusiasts will be captivated by the Tapada de Mafra's abundant forest diversity. The richness of the area's vegetation lies in the presence of species such as stone pine, maritime pine, cork oak, Portuguese oak, and wild olive trees. Although the eucalyptus tree is abundant, efforts are underway to eradicate it due to its undesired impact on the local ecosystem. Other notable trees include the black poplar, plane tree, willow, and ash.

The Tapada de Mafra offers a range of activities for visitors to engage with nature and appreciate its beauty. Besides its stunning rural tourism facilities, the area provides hiking and mountain biking trails, allowing visitors to explore the landscapes and enjoy outdoor pursuits. Guided tours offer the chance to observe the diverse fauna and flora under the knowledgeable guidance of experts. Additionally, educational activities focused on environmental awareness are organized, with a particular emphasis on engaging young audiences.

In conclusion, the Tapada Nacional de Mafra is a remarkable testament to Portugal's natural heritage. It provides a sanctuary for wildlife, a playground for outdoor enthusiasts, and a glimpse into the historical significance of hunting in Portuguese culture. Whether you are a nature lover, history enthusiast, or adventure seeker, a visit to the Tapada de Mafra will undoubtedly leave you in awe of its splendor and captivated by its immersive experience in the heart of Portugal's natural wonders.