Throughout its history, São Jorge Castle served various purposes, including as a royal palace, military barracks, and even as the Torre do Tombo National Archive. It has witnessed the Christian Reconquista and the liberation of Lisbon from Moorish rule. According to legend, the knight Martim Moniz sacrificed his own life to prevent the Moors from closing one of the castle's doors during the siege.
During the 12th century, the castle became a residence for the Portuguese royalty and underwent extensive renovations under King Denis I. The construction of the Cerca Nova or Cerca Fernandina, a fortified compound enclosing the castle, took place between 1373 and 1375. This wall was designed to protect previously unprotected areas of the city.
In the late 14th century, King John I dedicated the castle to Saint George, a popular warrior-saint in Portugal and England. The castle played a role in the reception of Vasco da Gama, the Portuguese navigator, upon his return from India in 1498. It also hosted theatrical performances and became the setting for significant events in Portuguese history.
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The castle's significance was rediscovered in the 20th century when extensive renovations were undertaken. Many of the structures added to the castle over the centuries were demolished to restore its original form. The castle became a national monument and a museum, showcasing the history of Lisbon and the castle itself.
Today, São Jorge Castle stands as a remarkable historical landmark in the heart of Lisbon. Its architecture reflects various periods, from Roman to Moorish influences. Visitors can explore its walls, towers, and the castle courtyard. The Tower of Ulysses offers a panoramic view of the city, and the castle's surroundings provide breathtaking vistas of Lisbon.
São Jorge Castle is a testament to the enduring history and cultural heritage of Lisbon, preserving the memory of its past while offering visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in the rich tapestry of Portugal's past.
